長腦子最快的方式就是多看汽車知識,接下來3年，我不玩虛的,把汽車所有底層原理一點點手把手給你講透,讓你從汽車小白直接變身懂車大神,你絕對想不到,今天你幾萬塊買到的汽車上用的 at 變速箱,最早是給坦克用的,為什么坦克堅決不用 CVT ,為什么勞斯萊斯死都不碰雙離合,為什么那么多豪車放著各種新潮變速箱不用,偏偏死守著看起來老掉牙的 at 變速箱,今天我就用最通俗、不帶一句專業術語的大白話,讓你一遍聽懂，一遍記住,at 變速箱到底憑什么能在汽車界稱霸百年、長盛不衰,這里是車時檔案館,老板們覺得有用的話,抬手點個贊,咱們馬上開講,本期內容真的太干太燒腦,真心喜歡汽車,想搞懂原理的朋友千萬別劃走,后面的干貨絕對值得你狠狠收藏,反復回看,

　　The fastest way to develop a brain is to learn more about cars. In the next three years, I will not play tricks and explain all the underlying principles of cars to you step by step, so that you can transform from a car novice to a car expert. You will never imagine that the AT gearbox used in the car you bought for tens of thousands of yuan today was originally used for tanks. Why tanks insist on not using CVT, why Rolls Royce never touches dual clutch, why so many luxury cars use various trendy gearboxes but insist on sticking to the outdated AT gearbox? Today, I will use the most common and non professional jargon to make you understand and remember it again and again, Why can the AT gearbox dominate the automotive industry for a hundred years and remain prosperous for a long time? This is the Car Times Archive. If the bosses think it's useful, they can give a thumbs up and we'll start talking right away. The content of this issue is really dry and brain burning. Friends who truly love cars and want to understand the principles must not take it away. The dry knowledge behind it is definitely worth collecting and reviewing repeatedly,

　　先跟大家嘮嘮 at 變速箱的由來,咱們把時間線拉回到1939年二戰戰場,那時候美國坦克用的還都是手動變速箱,可把大兵坑慘了,起步、熄火跟呼吸一樣,平常在戰場上生死關頭偏偏掉鏈子,輕則錯失戰機,重則直接丟命,軍方實在沒轍,直接給通用下死命令,必須搞出一款永遠不會熄火的變速箱,就這么一句話,硬是逼出了世界上第一臺,真正靠譜的 at 自動變速箱,說出來你不敢信,現在幾萬塊的 AT 家用車,竟然和當年戰場上的坦克用的是同款,核心原理,是不是瞬間覺得咱手里這方向盤突然變沉了,有種開裝甲車的感覺,那他到底是怎么做到永遠不熄火的,a at 變速箱核心就三個部件,液力變矩器、行星齒輪組、控制系統,

　　Let's first talk about the origin of the AT gearbox. Let's take the timeline back to the World War II battlefield in 1939. At that time, American tanks were still using manual gearboxes, which left soldiers in a miserable situation. Starting and stalling were like breathing, and at the critical moment of life and death on the battlefield, they would accidentally lose their lives. The military had no choice but to give General Motors a dying order to develop a gearbox that would never stall. With just one sentence, they forced the world's first truly reliable AT automatic gearbox. You can't believe it, but now AT family cars priced at tens of thousands of yuan use the same model as tanks on the battlefield. Principle, does it instantly feel like the steering wheel in our hands suddenly becomes heavy, like driving an armored vehicle? So how did he manage to never turn off the engine, The core of a AT gearbox consists of three components: a hydraulic torque converter, a planetary gear set, and a control system,

　　今天咱們先吃透最關鍵,最神奇的一個液力變矩器,他就是 at 變速箱的心臟,負責把發動機動力穩穩傳給變速箱,咱們都懂,手動擋靠離合器摩擦片分開結合,來傳遞或切斷動力,但手動擋有個致命 bug ,減速停車時,只要沒及時踩離合,車子一停,發動機必被憋滅,為啥車輪突然停住的硬阻力,發動機根本扛不住,而液力變矩器就完美解決了這個痛點,它的核心精髓就是柔性傳動,就像用液體搭了一座橋,軟軟的,但又能把力氣傳過去,不靠硬連接,全靠油液帶動,所以怎么操作都不會憋滅發動機,這就是它最牛的地方.

　　Today, let's first understand the most crucial and magical hydraulic torque converter. It is the heart of the AT gearbox, responsible for steadily transmitting engine power to the gearbox. We all know that manual transmission relies on the clutch friction plate to separate and combine, to transmit or cut off power. However, manual transmission has a fatal bug. When decelerating and stopping, if the clutch is not pressed in time, the engine will be suffocated as soon as the car stops. Why can't the engine withstand the hard resistance caused by the sudden stop of the wheels? The hydraulic torque converter perfectly solves this pain point. Its core essence is flexible transmission, like building a bridge with liquid, soft but able to transmit strength. It does not rely on hard connections, but is driven entirely by oil. So no matter how you operate it, you won't suffocate the engine, that's its most impressive feature

　　給大家打個最形象的比方,你想象一下,兩臺對著吹的風扇,左邊那臺通了電瘋狂轉動,風一吹,右邊那臺沒通電的,就跟著一起轉起來,關鍵是他們倆之間沒有任何機械接觸,全靠風傳遞力量,液力變矩器的原理跟這個一模一樣,只不過把風換成了油液,跟著發動機一起轉的叫泵輪,就像那臺通了電的風扇,它一轉動就會攪動封閉空間里的油液,產生巨大的離心力,順著葉片狠狠砸向對面的從動輪,這個從動輪就叫渦輪,它連著變速箱,本身不產生任何動力,全靠泵輪甩過來的油液,狠狠沖擊它的葉片,才能跟著一起轉,就像那臺被風吹動的沒通電的風扇,最神奇的是什么,泵輪和渦輪之間沒有任何硬連接,全靠油液傳遞動力,沒有連接就沒有摩擦,沒有摩擦就沒有磨損,哪怕你在早晚高峰堵上兩個小時,反復的停車跟車,對他來說也跟沒堵車一樣,這就是液力變矩器最基本也最厲害的工作方式,而且你知道嗎,這鍋油不光傳力,

　　To give you the most vivid analogy, imagine two fans facing the wind. The one on the left turns crazily when it is powered on. When the wind blows, the one on the right turns with it when it is not powered on. The key is that there is no mechanical contact between them. They rely on the wind to transmit power. The principle of the hydraulic torque converter is the same as this one, except that the wind is replaced with oil. The one that turns with the engine is called the pump wheel, just like the one that is powered on. When it turns, it will stir the oil in the enclosed space, generating huge centrifugal force, and hitting the opposite driven wheel along the blade. This driven wheel is called the turbine, which is connected to the gearbox. It does not generate any power itself. It can only be turned together by the oil thrown from the pump wheel and its blades being severely impacted. Just like the fan that is not powered by the wind, what is the most amazing thing, There is no hard connection between the pump wheel and the turbine wheel, and power is transmitted solely through oil. Without connection, there is no friction, and without friction, there is no wear. Even if you are stuck in traffic for two hours during rush hour, repeatedly parking and following the car, it is still like there is no traffic jam for him. This is the most basic and powerful working mode of a hydraulic torque converter, and you know, this pot of oil not only transmits power, but also,

　　還干著一項重要的兼職減震,發動機工作時的抖動沖擊,本來會直接傳到車廂里,但這些震動一砸進油液,就像一拳打在棉花上,瞬間被吸收的干干凈凈,所以你開 at 的車總覺得比雙離合厚重沉穩,像開著一塊大鐵坨,特別踏實,秘密就在這,說白了這鍋油就像個液體彈簧,軟的能吸震,硬的能傳力,那變矩到底啥意思,說白了就是把發動機的力氣放大,車子起步爬坡最費勁,光靠發動機本身根本不夠,這時候液力變矩器就能把扭矩直接放大兩三倍,起步爬坡輕輕松松,秘密就藏在泵輪和渦輪中間那個小部件,導輪油液沖完渦輪會回流,如果沒有導輪,這股回流油會反向對沖泵輪,等于自己跟自己打架,白白浪費動力,而導輪就像一個精準的導流大師,把回流油強行引導到和泵輪同向的角度,再送回去,你猜怎么著,這股本該搗亂的回流力量,反而成了給泵輪加把勁的幫手,起步時，導輪固定扭矩瞬間放大,等車跑起來,轉速接近了,導輪就自動解鎖,只傳力不放大,既高效又穩定,是不是覺得這設計絕了,別急，后面還有更絕的.

　　I am also doing an important part-time job of shock absorption. The vibration and impact of the engine during operation would have been directly transmitted to the cabin, but when these vibrations hit the oil, they are like a punch on cotton, instantly absorbed completely. Therefore, when you drive the AT The car always feels heavier and more stable than a dual clutch, like driving a big iron block, especially solid. The secret is here. Simply put, this pot of oil is like a liquid spring, soft can absorb shock, hard can transmit force. So what does torque conversion mean? Simply put, it amplifies the power of the engine. Starting and climbing a hill is the most difficult thing for the car, and relying solely on the engine itself is not enough. At this time, the hydraulic torque converter can directly amplify the torque by two or three times, making starting and climbing easy. The secret is hidden in the small part between the pump wheel and the turbine wheel. The oil in the guide wheel will flow back after flushing the turbine wheel. If there is no guide wheel, this backflow oil will reverse and counteract the pump wheel, which is equivalent to fighting with oneself and wasting power. Just like a precise diversion master, forcefully guiding the reflux oil to the same angle as the pump wheel and then sending it back, guess what, this is the disruptive reflux force, On the contrary, it has become a helper to add strength to the pump wheel. When starting, the fixed torque of the guide wheel is instantly amplified. When the car starts running and the speed approaches, the guide wheel automatically unlocks, only transmitting force without amplification, which is both efficient and stable. Do you think this design is amazing? Don't worry, there are even more amazing ones ahead

　　雖然液力變矩器很牛,但它也有個小短板,液體傳動必然有動力損失,說直白點,發動機100%的動力經過,它只剩80%到85%,相當于每筆動力轉賬都要被扣,15%到20%的手續費,這也是 AT 比手動擋稍微費一點油的根本原因,那能不能把收費傳動變成免費傳動,工程師早就想到了,跑起來以后直接變成硬連接不就完了,于是鎖止離合器應運而生,低速堵車時，它松開,保持液力傳動平順不熄火,高速巡航時,它鎖死泵輪和渦輪變成剛性連接,傳動效率直接飆到接近100%,相當于手續費全免了,一個小小的設計,完美、平衡、平順和省油,這就是 at 變速箱最聰明的地方.

　　Although hydraulic torque converters are impressive, they also have a small shortcoming. Liquid transmission inevitably leads to power loss. To put it bluntly, when the engine passes 100% of its power, it only has 80% to 85% left, which is equivalent to every power transfer being deducted, with a handling fee of 15% to 20%. This is also the fundamental reason why AT is slightly more fuel-efficient than manual transmission. Engineers have long thought of turning paid transmission into free transmission. After running, it can simply become a hard connection, so the lock up clutch emerged. When stuck in traffic at low speeds, it releases, keeping the hydraulic transmission smooth and not stalling. When cruising at high speeds, it locks the pump wheel and turbine into a rigid connection, and the transmission efficiency skyrockets to nearly 100%, which is equivalent to completely free handling fees. Well, a small design that is perfect, balanced, smooth, and fuel-efficient is the smartest thing about the AT gearbox

　　講到這兒,你終于明白,為什么 at 能成為汽車界的百年常青樹,坦克用它,豪車用它,咱的家用車也用它,回到開頭的問題,為什么坦克不用 CVT ,因為 CVT 太脆,扛不住大扭矩的粗暴沖擊,戰場上分分鐘搞廢他,為什么勞斯萊斯不用雙離合,因為雙離合換擋難免有咔咔頓挫,跟奢華、安靜、優雅這幾個字天生八字不合,而 a at 變速箱既有液力變矩器,這把液體彈簧守護著極致的平順,讓你堵車蠕行時絲滑到感受不到頓挫,又有行星齒輪組這副硬核骨架,輕松承載巨大扭矩,不管是坦克的粗暴操作,還是豪車的瞬間爆發,他都能穩穩 hold 住,今天的內容其實只講了 at

　　At this point, you finally understand why AT has become a century old evergreen tree in the automotive industry. Tanks use it, luxury cars use it, and even our family cars use it. Returning to the question at the beginning, why do tanks not use CVT because CVT is too fragile to withstand the rough impact of high torque, and can be easily destroyed on the battlefield? Why does Rolls Royce not use dual clutch transmission, because dual clutch shifting inevitably has clicking and jerking, which is not in line with the natural eight characters of luxury, quietness, and elegance? A AT gearbox has both a hydraulic torque converter, which protects the ultimate smoothness with liquid springs, making you feel silky smooth when driving in traffic without jerking. It also has a planetary gear set as a hardcore skeleton, which easily carries the load. Huge torque, whether it's the rough operation of a tank or the instant burst of a luxury car, he can hold it steady. Today's content actually only talked about at

　　at 變速箱的1/3,液力變矩器是心臟負責輸送動力,而真正決定這輛車是聰明還是愚蠢的,是另外兩大核心,行星齒輪組和機電控制系統,大家肯定也好奇,一組齒輪怎么就能變出好幾個檔位,這玩意兒簡直就是個數學魔術,變速箱又是怎么在一瞬間讀懂你的油門意圖,換擋比德芙還絲滑,但你知道這絲滑背后藏著一個怎樣的數學天才嗎,下期咱們接著拆解 a at 變速箱的骨骼與大腦,把剩下干貨一次性講透。

　　At one-third of the gearbox, the hydraulic torque converter is responsible for delivering power to the heart, and the other two core components that truly determine whether a car is smart or foolish are the planetary gear set and the electromechanical control system. Everyone must be curious about how a set of gears can produce multiple gears. This thing is simply a mathematical magic, and how the gearbox can understand your throttle intention in an instant. Shifting is even smoother than Dove, but do you know what kind of mathematical genius is behind this slimness? In the next issue, we will continue to dismantle the skeleton and brain of the AT gearbox and explain the remaining dry goods at once.

　　最后問大家一個問題,你現在的車是 a at 雙離合還是 CVT ,有沒有被頓挫折磨到崩潰,來評論區吐槽一波,讓我看看哪種變速箱的車主最多,這里是車時檔案館,我堅持用最簡單的話講最實用的汽車知識,喜歡汽車、想搞懂原理的朋友點個關注,下期內容

　　Finally, I want to ask you a question. Is your car a at dual clutch or CVT? Have you ever been tortured to collapse by setbacks? Let me comment on the roast in the area. Let me see which kind of gearbox has the most owners. This is the car time archives. I insist on telling the most practical car knowledge in the simplest words. Friends who like cars and want to understand the principle should pay attention to the next issue

　　本文由 濟南變速箱 友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊 http://m.xzyfw.cn/ 真誠的態度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan Gearbox For more related knowledge, please click http://m.xzyfw.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.