濟(jì)南自動(dòng)變速箱維修科普：國產(chǎn)手動(dòng) / AT / 雙離合 / DHT 變速箱差距分析，維修要點(diǎn)全知道

　　Jinan automatic transmission maintenance science popularization: analysis of the gap between domestic manual/AT/dual clutch/DHT transmissions, and full knowledge of maintenance points

　　在濟(jì)南，開國產(chǎn)車的車主越來越多，國產(chǎn)變速箱的表現(xiàn)也備受關(guān)注。雖然國產(chǎn)變速箱在不斷進(jìn)步，但與國際一流水平仍有差距，這也給維修帶來了不同的挑戰(zhàn)。今天就結(jié)合濟(jì)南本地的維修經(jīng)驗(yàn)，給大家講講國產(chǎn)不同類型變速箱的維修要點(diǎn)，希望能幫到大家。

　　In Jinan, there are more and more owners of domestically produced cars, and the performance of domestic transmissions is also receiving attention. Although domestic transmissions are constantly improving, there is still a gap with the international first-class level, which brings different challenges to maintenance. Today, based on the local maintenance experience in Jinan, I will talk about the maintenance points of different types of domestic transmissions, hoping to help everyone.

　　先說說手動(dòng)變速箱。國產(chǎn)手動(dòng)變速箱的可靠性和壽命已經(jīng)接近國際一流水平，基本能做到 “扛造”，但在換擋手感上還有差距，比如檔位自動(dòng)吸入的感覺不夠明顯。在濟(jì)南維修國產(chǎn)手動(dòng)變速箱，常見的問題主要集中在換擋機(jī)構(gòu)磨損、離合器片打滑等。維修時(shí)，重點(diǎn)檢查換擋撥叉、同步器等部件，更換磨損的離合器片和壓盤，同時(shí)對換擋機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)校，能有效改善換擋手感。對于 3、5 萬塊錢的經(jīng)濟(jì)型手動(dòng)擋車，由于成本限制，配件質(zhì)量可能稍差，維修時(shí)更要注意選擇合格的配件。

　　Let's talk about the manual gearbox first. The reliability and service life of domestically produced manual transmissions have approached the international first-class level, and can basically achieve "durability". However, there is still a gap in the shifting feel, such as the less obvious feeling of automatic gear suction. The common problems in repairing domestic manual transmissions in Jinan mainly focus on wear and tear of the shifting mechanism and slipping of the clutch plates. During maintenance, it is important to inspect components such as shift forks and synchronizers, replace worn clutch plates and pressure plates, and adjust the shifting mechanism to effectively improve the shifting feel. For economy manual transmission vehicles priced at 30000 to 50000 yuan, due to cost constraints, the quality of accessories may be slightly inferior, so it is important to choose qualified accessories during maintenance.

　　再看 AT 自動(dòng)變速箱。目前國產(chǎn)的 AT 變速箱，如奇瑞的 8AT 和長城的 9AT，雖然已經(jīng)裝車使用，但市場驗(yàn)證時(shí)間較短，整體表現(xiàn)還不夠穩(wěn)定，頓挫感相對明顯。AT 變速箱是制造難度最大、調(diào)校最復(fù)雜的變速箱類型，國產(chǎn) AT 在這方面的差距還比較大，可能需要 5 到 10 年的時(shí)間才能趕上國際一流水平。在濟(jì)南維修國產(chǎn) AT 變速箱，建議選擇有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的維修廠，因?yàn)槠鋬?nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，對維修技術(shù)要求較高。如果出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重故障，可能需要更換原廠的閥體或變速箱總成，維修成本相對較高。現(xiàn)階段，濟(jì)南的車主如果更看重可靠性和駕駛感受，選擇搭載采埃孚、愛信等國際品牌 AT 變速箱的車型會(huì)更穩(wěn)妥。

　　Let's take a look at the AT automatic transmission again. At present, domestically produced AT transmissions, such as Chery's 8AT and Great Wall's 9AT, have been installed and used, but the market validation time is relatively short, and the overall performance is not stable enough, with a relatively obvious jerky feeling. The AT gearbox is the most difficult type of gearbox to manufacture and adjust, and there is still a significant gap between domestic ATs in this regard. It may take 5 to 10 years to catch up with the international first-class level. When repairing domestic AT transmissions in Jinan, it is recommended to choose an experienced repair shop because of its complex internal structure and high requirements for repair technology. If there is a serious malfunction, it may be necessary to replace the original valve body or gearbox assembly, and the repair cost is relatively high. At present, if car owners in Jinan value reliability and driving experience more, choosing models equipped with international brands such as ZF and Aisin AT transmissions will be more reliable.

　　雙離合變速箱是國產(chǎn)變速箱的主力類型。干式雙離合的制造難度相對較低，國產(chǎn)干式雙離合的質(zhì)量尚可，故障率略高于大眾、奔馳等品牌，但還在可接受范圍內(nèi)，日常使用沒有問題。在濟(jì)南的擁堵路況下，干式雙離合容易出現(xiàn)離合器過熱、抖動(dòng)等問題，維修時(shí)主要更換離合器片和分離軸承。濕式雙離合的散熱更好，穩(wěn)定性明顯優(yōu)于干式雙離合，但國產(chǎn)濕式雙離合的表現(xiàn)還不夠過硬，過去的產(chǎn)品問題較多。維修國產(chǎn)濕式雙離合，要重點(diǎn)檢查液壓系統(tǒng)和電子控制系統(tǒng)，這兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)的故障率相對較高。近兩年，國產(chǎn)干式雙離合的質(zhì)量也在不斷提升，電子和液壓系統(tǒng)的故障有所減少，但仍高于濕式雙離合，濟(jì)南的車主在選擇時(shí)可以根據(jù)自己的用車環(huán)境來考慮。

　　Dual clutch transmission is the main type of domestic transmission. The manufacturing difficulty of dry dual clutch is relatively low, and the quality of domestically produced dry dual clutch is acceptable, with a slightly higher failure rate than brands such as Volkswagen and Mercedes Benz, but still within an acceptable range, and there are no problems with daily use. In the congested road conditions of Jinan, dry dual clutch transmission is prone to problems such as clutch overheating and shaking. During maintenance, the main focus is on replacing clutch plates and release bearings. Wet dual clutch has better heat dissipation and significantly better stability than dry dual clutch, but the performance of domestic wet dual clutch is not strong enough, and there have been many problems with previous products. When repairing domestic wet dual clutch, it is important to focus on inspecting the hydraulic system and electronic control system, as these two systems have a relatively high failure rate. In the past two years, the quality of domestically produced dry dual clutch transmissions has been continuously improving, with a reduction in electronic and hydraulic system failures, but still higher than wet dual clutch transmissions. Car owners in Jinan can consider their own driving environment when choosing.

　　最后是混動(dòng)專用的 DHT 變速箱。在這一領(lǐng)域，國產(chǎn)變速箱暫時(shí)處于領(lǐng)先地位，質(zhì)量也相對穩(wěn)定。DHT 變速箱分為 2 檔、3 檔和 4 檔等不同類型，結(jié)構(gòu)相對簡單，主要與混動(dòng)系統(tǒng)配合工作。在濟(jì)南維修國產(chǎn) DHT 變速箱，由于其技術(shù)較新，建議選擇品牌授權(quán)的 4S 店或?qū)I(yè)的混動(dòng)維修廠，以保證維修質(zhì)量。不過，混動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展時(shí)間還不長，未來的穩(wěn)定性還有待進(jìn)一步觀察。

　　Finally, there is a DHT gearbox specifically designed for hybrid use. In this field, domestic transmissions are currently in a leading position, and their quality is relatively stable. The DHT gearbox is divided into different types such as 2nd gear, 3rd gear, and 4th gear, with a relatively simple structure and mainly works in conjunction with the hybrid system. When repairing a domestically produced DHT gearbox in Jinan, due to its relatively new technology, it is recommended to choose a brand authorized 4S store or a professional hybrid repair shop to ensure the quality of the repair. However, the development time of hybrid systems is not long, and the future stability still needs further observation.

　　總之，濟(jì)南的車主在維修國產(chǎn)變速箱時(shí)，要根據(jù)變速箱的類型選擇合適的維修方式和維修廠。對于手動(dòng)變速箱和干式雙離合，維修相對簡單；對于 AT 變速箱和濕式雙離合，對維修技術(shù)要求較高；對于 DHT 變速箱，要選擇專業(yè)的混動(dòng)維修機(jī)構(gòu)。希望這些信息能幫到大家，讓大家在維修國產(chǎn)變速箱時(shí)少走彎路。

　　In short, car owners in Jinan should choose the appropriate repair method and repair shop according to the type of gearbox when repairing domestic transmissions. For manual transmissions and dry dual clutch transmissions, maintenance is relatively simple; For AT transmission and wet dual clutch, high maintenance technology requirements are required; For DHT gearbox, it is necessary to choose a professional hybrid maintenance organization. I hope this information can help everyone avoid detours when repairing domestic transmissions.